Saturday, December 20, 2008

This looks like some kind of FOOD

Yesterday my friens in Year 3 "they were studying metabolic, endocrine and reproductive systems" did thier OSPE exam, OSPE stands for Objective structure practical examination, it's basically the lab exam, after thier exam I asked them what did they find peculiar, they said that there was a question about bacteria which its genus name is Mycoplasma , I said oh that's the one that looks like "fried egg" on agar culture and they said yes this is the one, the question was likely and more conveniently about Mycoplasma Genitalium or it could be about the more common Mycoplasma Pneumoniae as Microbiology people don't know what the exam is about they prepare slides and put questions about whatever in thier minds.Coincidentally yesterday I watched the Annual Richard Demblebey lecture and it was done by Dr. Craig Venter and entitled "A DNA driven world", Dr. Venter is working on genome projects and his own genome was the one that was revealed last year, also he is working in his institute with a team of scientists headed by Nobel laurete Dr. Hamilton Smith, they are working on synthesizing a NEW LIFE, they did it first with a virus that they demonstrated a fast method of synthesizing its genome back in 2003, and now they are working on Mycoplasma Genitalium, whose genome is the smallest of any known natural organism that can be grown in free culture "of course viruses can not be cultured". Now they are trying to "play games" with this bacteria's genome and a version of the minimal 381-gene chromosome has been synthesized, it is intended to be transplanted into the nucleoid of a M. genitalium cell to create Mycoplasma laboratorium"lovely name". The team had demonstrated the process of transplanting a (non-synthetic) genome from one Mycoplasma species to another in June 2007.Other question that my year 3 friend were asked yesterday was about small-cell carcinoma of the lung and they asked them what do you expect the adrenal gland of the patient to be, they put three pictures one normal and one atrophied and another hypertrophied, and also they asked about a syndrome that the patient could have, I told them this is a good question, of course they figured out the hypertrophy but did not get the two syndromes which I answered without thinking so I got the feeling of "good, this is something I remember", Now cancer cells usually do stupid things that make them cancerous, they sometimes like in this case secrete things that they have nothing to do with, in small cell carcinoma of the lung "AKA oat cell carcinoma" they name it as food-like appearence,which they do not use anymore, the cancer could produce ACTH and ADH hormones, so the adrenal gland will become under the effect of that ectopic ACTH wthout any chance of negative-feedback mechanism, this is a cushing's syndrome secondary to that ectopic secretion of ACTH,and the production of ADH will cause a syndrome known as syndrome of inapropriate antidiuretic hormone. in which the person will have more retention of free water and hyponatremia secondary to his excess amount of water in his plasma and thus hypotonia, and of course the management would be simply restricting water-intake"review unit one problem one, clinical biochemistry book,chapter of hyponatremia :)".